Alkaloids of the canthi-6-one type have been reported in differents natural sources. These alkaloids have showed a wide range of pharmacological properties including cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasict, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and beside it, some of them show excellent photophysical properties that gives an interesting use as fluorescent dye probe in florescent cellular microscopy. Because it, new studies have been carrying out in an attempt to identify new alkaloids with pharmacological properties. Some researchers have been trying to synthesize new derivatives or identify new compounds in natural sources. Among the >60 canthin-6-one alkaloids already reported in natural sources, more the half are present in plants of the family Simaroubaceae. In the Simaba genus, up to the present, only eighteen alkaloids was described in seven species, but other plants of the genus that occur in the brazilian’s flora haven’t been studied yet. In this work we describe the first phytochemical study of the specie Simaba bahiensis (Simaroubaceae), collected at the city of Camaçari, Bahia State, Brazil. Also, it’s related complete structural determination using differents NMR experiments and HRMS of a new canthin-6-one alkaloid in addition to two others already known.