Mineral Quantification of Triticum aestivum L. Enriched in Zinc&mdash;Correlation between Minerals in Soils and Whole Wheat Flours

Inês Carmo Luís; Cláudia Campos Pessoa; Diana Daccak; Ana Coelho Marques; Ana Rita F. Coelho; Manuel Patanita; José Dôres; Ana Sofia Almeida; Maria Manuela Silva; Maria Fernanda Pessoa; Fernando H. Reboredo; Manuela Simões; Paulo Legoinha; Carlos Galhano; Isabel P. Pais; Paula Scotti Campos; José C. Ramalho; Fernando C. Lidon

doi:10.3390/IECPS2021-11952

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Mineral Quantification of Triticum aestivum L. Enriched in Zinc—Correlation between Minerals in Soils and Whole Wheat Flours

Inês Carmo Luís

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Cláudia Campos Pessoa

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Maria Fernanda Pessoa

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¹ Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
² GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
³ Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
⁴ INIAV, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Estrada de Gil Vaz 6, 7351-901 Elvas, Portugal
⁵ ESEAG-COFAC, Avenida do Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
⁶ INIAV, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Avenida da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
⁷ PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal

Academic Editor: Dimitris Bouranis

Published: 30 November 2021 by MDPI in The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Plant Sciences—10th Anniversary of Journal Plants session Plant Nutrition and Plant-Soil-Microorganisms Interactions

https://doi.org/10.3390/IECPS2021-11952

Abstract:

Triticum aestivum L. is one of the most produced staple crops worldwide in which its zinc biofortification is of the utmost importance to diminish malnutrition. In addition, the pronounced increase of human population demands a higher food production within quality standards. Zinc plays an important role not only in promoting the maintenance of human health, but it is also linked with plant growth. Under this framework, a zinc agronomic biofortification of Triticum aestivum L. was implemented in an experimental field with two varieties (Paiva and Roxo) in Beja, Portugal. This itinerary comprised two ZnSO₄ foliar spraying along the plant cycle with three different concentrations (control – 0; 8.1 and 18.2 kg ha^-1). Soil analyses (moisture, organic matter, pH, electrochemical conductivity and mineral quantification) and atomic absorption with the mineral quantification (Ca, K, Mg, P, Fe, Cu and Zn) of whole wheat flours were carried out. Zinc foliar spraying enhanced Zinc content in both varieties in the flours in which was not observed significant differences between ZnSO₄ treatments. P and K presented higher values in the flours contrasting with Ca and Mg. In general, there was no significant differences between the soil samples in the respective analyses. It was concluded that wheat flour biofortified in zinc can be a product to help overcome malnutrition.

Keywords: agronomic biofortification; mineral interactions; soil analyses; Triticum aestivum L; zinc foliar spraying.

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