Introduction: An application of the two-way fluid–structure interaction (2-way FSI) of an additively built CoCr stent design is presented in this paper. The objective of the work is to assess the stent's performance from a mechanical and hemodynamic point of view. Stress and strain distribution and wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index, and time-averaged WSS were analyzed.

Methods: Two-way FSI was used to model the biomechanical behaviour of three CoCr stent designs. The stent is exposed to pulsatile blood flow and is intended for use in cardiovascular applications. A finite element analysis (FEA) model for the stent structure is coupled with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for blood flow as part of the FSI analysis. In this study, hyperelastic mechanical properties were used to describe the artery and plaque. A short artery model was taken into account.

Results and Discussion: The SIMPLE stent model is the most susceptible to restenosis. It was shown that the stress–strain state depends on a proper choice of boundary conditions. The maximum stresses occurred at 0.1 s and were concentrated at the ends of the artery. The minimum stresses were observed in the middle of the artery. The analysis showed that the plaque exhibited the maximum stresses of 0.2 MPa; these stresses were concentrated at the plaque edges. The stress-state analysis showed that maximum stresses reached 1.82 MPa. These stresses were also concentrated at the ends of the stent and in the bending region.

Conclusions: It was shown that stent design has an effect on the biomechanical performance of the stent in the artery. In particular, stent design has a significant impact on re-stenosis occurrence and development.

The study was funded by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 23-79-01284, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-01284/.