Glioblastoma (GBM) is the metastatic form of astrocytoma (ATC), and what is known about its biological mechanism in relation to non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is still unclear, especially in relation to microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, this research studies the presence of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in GBM compared to ATC to assess how these ncRNAs may behave in this type of metastatic neoplasm. Differential expression analysis (DEA) was performed on 155 samples of primary GBM and 194 samples of primary ATC tumor in miRNA data from TCGA. A DESeq2 package was used and DEMs were considered with Log2FoldChange = 1 (downregulated < -1 and upregulated > 1), and the p-value was adjusted using the Benjamini--Hochberg (BH) method (< 0.05). For functional verification and target gene binding, we took the DEMs to miRTargetLink 2.0, and only strongly validated miRNAs were accepted. Three DEMs were found to be upregulated (hsa-miR-210, hsa-miR-27b, and hsa-miR-145), while two were downregulated (hsa-mir-573 and hsa-miR-125b-1). After the input of the DEMs into miRTargetLink 2.0, one gene appears to be regulated by two of the upregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-145 and hsa-miR-27b): the PXN gene. PXN is associated with glial cell junction and adhesion, promoting tumor invasion and, in glioma, this gene has been shown to be upregulated. Interestingly, in our study, PXN did not show any increase between GBM and ATC, which may indicate no significant difference in expression with the evolution of glioma. Here, we suggest five DEMs and a target gene of two of them that should be further explored.