Food security remains a major global challenge, with roughly one-third of all food produced for human use being lost or squandered each year. The essential issue of food loss and waste throughout the agricultural value chain, as well as its effects on resource efficiency and food security, are discussed in this study. This study's goal is to investigate how reducing food losses and waste could improve food security while making the best use of available resources. The study examines the entire agricultural value chain, from growing to consuming, to identify key events and factors that cause food losses and waste. The research examines social, environmental, and nutritional issues using empirical data, case studies, and theoretical frameworks. It explores how lowering food losses and waste might boost food availability for disadvantaged groups, enhance resource allocation, and lessen environmental impacts. The results of this study help us better comprehend the complex interaction between food security, waste reduction, and food loss. The study emphasizes the possibility of significant gains by reducing losses within the agricultural value chain, particularly in terms of boosting global food security and preserving priceless resources. This research helps policymakers, academics, and stakeholders achieve a more sustainable and secure food future by emphasizing effective measures and areas for improvement.