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Evaluating the Agronomic and Nutritional Variability of White Lupin Accessions and Their In-situ Rumen Degradation Kinetics in Buffaloes
1 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , * 7 , 8 , 8 , 8
1  Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
2  Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
3  Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
4  Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya 42130, Türkiye
5  Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Türkiye
6  Department of Livestock Management, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
7  The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
8  Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Science (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Academic Editor: Elisabete Matos

Abstract:

White Lupin (Lupinus albus) is an emerging crop in the current livestock feeding regime. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the suitability of this crop as fodder and grain for feeding of buffaloes in arid regions. Seven cultivars of white Lupin were selected from a large germplasm screening trial (SUK-3 and LUP-6483 as pure fodder cultivars, LUP-230 and LUP-248 as grain cultivars, and Dieta, Lodi, and LUP-6463 as dual purpose) were grown under hot arid environment and data were recorded for variability in yield, chemical composition and in situ degradation kinetics according to the NorFor standards. The in-situ incubation of the samples were performed in two rumen cannulated buffaloes to observe the degradation profiles of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) at various time intervals. The results of chemical composition indicated that CP ranged from 145-199 g/kg DM for fodder cultivars, and 314-413 g/kg DM for grain cultivars. The NDF ranged from 394-462 g/kg DM for fodder cultivars, and 189-233 g/kg DM for grain cultivars. The results of agronomic traits of fodder indicated that the dual-purpose cultivar LUP-6463 had the highest fresh forage yield (10.72 tons/acre) and CP (199 g/kg DM) while Lodi had the maximum fat (40.3 g/kg DM) and NDF (462 g/kg DM) concentrations. Whereas the grain cultivar LUP-230 had the highest grain yield (2.14 tons/acre), followed by LUP-6463. The grain cultivar LUP-230 had the superior DM and CP degradability while LUP-6463 had the maximum NDF degradability. By combining the data of yield, nutrient composition and degradability, it is evident that the dual-purpose cultivar of white Lupin LUP-6463 and grain cultivar LUP-230 can provide excellent feeding and nutritive values to replace commonly used green fodders and protein sources such as soybean in the buffaloes feeding.

Keywords: Lupinus albus; Arid environment; Buffaloes feed; In-situ rumen degradability
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