In this study, the Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal procedure. The structure of the Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles was analyzed by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The synthesized Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles have unique properties such as high activity, high purity, and high surface area. Hence, we have reported the Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles as an efficient, cost-effective and mild catalyst for the synthesis of acridindione derivatives via one-pot four-component reaction. Also, the effect of morphology of Bi₂O₃ nanostructure was investigated on catalytic performance. Therefore, Bi₂O₃ nanorod and nanopowder were prepared and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of acridindiones. The present approach offers several advantages such as excellent yields within short times, green catalyst and ease of recovery.