Annonaceous acetogenins reported for the first time in the leaves and fruit's pulp of Annona atemoya

Abstract

Annona atemoya is a commercially important fruiting plant belonging to the Annonaceae family. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical continents. It is also known as the custard apple which is a hybrid between two Annonaceae species: (Annona cherimola) and (Annona squamosa). This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activity of various parts of A. atemoya including leaves and fruit’s pulp. The leaves and fruits of A. atemoya were collected in July 2020 from a local farm in Queensland, air dried at room temperature (3 days – 1 week) and then ground to a powder. The leaves and pulp were separately extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and finally ethanol for three days each. Preliminary results of TLC and NMR experiments indicated the presence of annonaceous acetogenins for the first time in the leaves and pulp as pink bands after reacting with Kedde reagent. For the leaves, ten compounds were identified, two of them were isolated and the other confirmed via NMR and MS analysis. The ethyl acetate extract was the richest in an abundance of acetogenins in comparison to the hexane extract. With regards to the fruit’s pulp, the concentration of acetogenins was very low and compared to the leaves. Future studies will focus on testing either isolated compounds or crude extracts using various cancer cell lines.