Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using Waste Natural Materials and Its Application for Wastewater Treatment

In this study a simple, environment friendly and cost-effective method has been developed to synthesize metallic nanoparticles (NPs) from natural waste residues such as onion, potato, tea moringa, and discuss the effect of extract residues on efficiency, yield, size, shape and morphology of the magnetite nanoparticle. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The promising applications of nanotechnology are their efficiency in wastewater treatment including removal of chemical and physical parameter. The study proposes that magnetite NPs can be synthesized using onion, potato, tea and moringa residues extract as reducing agent. The results of XRD pattern confirmed the synthesized magnetite NPs using onion, potato, tea and moringa as crystalline phase of α-Fe2O3. EDX spectroscopy showed the presence of elemental iron and oxygen, indicating that the nanoparticles are essentially present in oxide form. UV absorption in the range of 190–340 nm confirmed the formation of Fe/NP, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTIR) indicated formation of iron oxide crystalline NPs in which reducing and capping agent such as flavones, the intensity of absorption peak in FT-IR spectrum depends on type of extract. The synthesized Fe/NPs were tested for treatment of wastewater under different conditions such as contact time (0 - 60) min, and dose (0.1- 0.5)g, the results indicate that’s magnetite NPs of moringa and onion are more effective in degradation and adsorption processes at optimum dose (0.4g, and time 45 min).
Keywords: green method, iron oxide nanoparticle, extract natural materials, scanning electron microscopic, Energy dispersive spectroscopy