Exploring the Antiradical Potential of Lamiaceae Family Species: Implications for Functional Food Development in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseases Context

Neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases have become highly significant in Western societies. Unfortunately, these diseases currently lack a cure, and existing treatments merely manage the symptoms. Thus, it is imperative to explore new alternatives for either preventing these disorders or treating them effectively. One promising avenue for prevention lies in the development of neuroprotective and antioxidant functional foods. To this end, a study focused on ten species from the Lamiaceae Family, which have gained attention due to their well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer properties, among others. The interest in their pharmacological applications has grown significantly in recent years. In order to uncover the biological potential of these species, the study involved performing decoctions and evaluating both the total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity.
The results revealed that TPC values ranged from 59.97±6.18 (Ocimum basilicum L. var minimum) to 373.98±15.98 (Salvia officinalis L.) mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/gram of dry extract (dw). Additionally, the IC₅₀ values for DPPH^• and ABTS^•+ scavenging activities varied between 21.51 (Origanum vulgare L.) and 129.91 μg/mL (O. basilicum var minimum), and from 14.79 (O. vulgare) to 44.53 μg/mL (O. basilicum), respectively. The observed strong antiradical activity holds great promise for the future development of functional foods aimed at combating the oxidative stress implicated in these diseases and promoting overall brain health. By harnessing the potential of these Lamiaceae Family species, we may pave the way for innovative approaches to tackle neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions.

Acknowledgments: This work was supported by projects REQUIMTE/LAQV—UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/2020, and LA/P/0008/2020 financed by FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES), through national funds. Clara Grosso (CEECIND/03436/2020) thanks FCT for funding.