EVALUATION OF GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRODUCED MUNG BEAN VARIETIES BASED ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND SSR MARKERS

Mung bean makes up a relatively large part of the daily needs of every Vietnamese family. However, mung bean yield in the Mekong Delta is still low, variety is one of the main factors affecting this problem. Therefore, the study of new varieties with high yield and adapting to different environmental conditions is extremely necessary. We evaluated the genetic characteristics of introduced mung bean based on agronomic traits (plant height at flowering, plant height at harvesting, number of internodes, number of branches, number of pods/plant, theoretical yield), thereby creating a database of genetic characteristics for further breeding programs. The broad-sense heritability of studied traits including plant height at flowering and harvesting, number of internodes and branches, number of pods/plant, and theoretical yield varied from 0.0% to 63.6% in the first harvest and 33.3% to 78.4% in the second harvest. It can be seen that these traits were influenced by the environment. Hence, it is important to choose appropriate seasons to enhance the potential of the variety. Moreover, the correlation coefficient results showed a strong positive relationship between yield and number of pods per plant, indicating that number of pods/plant is one of the important factors affecting mung bean yield. Based on important agronomic traits including the number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, growth time and yield, two promising mung bean varieties were initially selected (VC 6494-986-S7 and VC 6518-50), of which VC 6494-986-S7 had superior yield, used as a material for further studies.