Hormonal and Sperm Changes in Rats Treated with Oxycodone Hydrochloride

Oxycodone hydrochloride is a semi-synthetic product derived from thebaine, an alkaloid
derived from poppy plants. It is indicated in cases of intense pain. These treatments are not
without side effects such as sexual behavior disorders. Data on the use of oxycodone
hydrochloride on reproductive functions are limited, including its effect on fertility.
General objective : To evaluate the effects of oxycodone hydrochloride on hormonal and sperm
parameters in male Wistar rats.
Materials and methods: A total of 12 male Wistar rats weighing between 100 and 300 g were
selected. We formed three groups, each comprising four male wistar rats: (1) control group
having consumed distilled water, (2) group having received 5 mg/kg of oxycodone
hydrochloride, and (3) group having received 10 mg /kg of oxycodone hydrochloride. The
animals were treated for thirty days using gavage. At the end of the treatment, the animals in each
group were anesthetized, followed by blood sampling (retro orbital) and organs after dissection.
Then, an exploration of hormonal and sperm parameters was performed.
Results : Oxycodone hydrochloride significantly modifies the weight of the testicles, prostate,
and epididymis. The results show necrospermia, with a significant difference in the batches
treated with oxycodone hydrochloride at the respective doses. The presence of
oligospermia, asthenospermia, and teratospermia was also observed in the batches treated at the respective doses.
Our results reveal a significant decrease in testosterone levels.
Conclusion: The prolonged administration of oxycodone hydrochloride at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg
to male Wistar rats modifies testicular weight, and leads to a depletion of hormonal and sperm
parameters.