Review Green Extraction of Manganese from Leach Solutions in Hydrometallurgy Process of Nickel Laterite Ore

The increasing need for nickel, due to the necessity of producing eco-friendly electric vehicles, highlights the importance of obtaining nickel from nickel laterite ore, which is the main source of this essential commodity. Hydrometallurgy is the favored technique for extracting nickel from minerals with a low nickel content. The leach solution in the hydrometallurgy process contains several minerals such as nickel, cobalt, iron, zinc, chromium, aluminum, and manganese. Manganese plays a crucial role in battery manufacturing, and extracting manganese in the hydrometallurgical process of nickel laterite greatly enhances the economic value of this process. This paper explores the current technologies in use, including Mixed Sulfide Precipitation (MSP), Mixed Hydroxide Precipitation (MHP), and Direct Solvent Extraction. Although MSP and Direct Solvent Extraction exhibit good selectivity, they have environmental downsides, including the excessive use of organic solvents and the release of harmful pollutants. Therefore, the search for more environmentally sustainable options has become more important. Various eco-friendly techniques have been studied, including the oxidative precipitation of manganese utilizing ozone, oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. This paper provides a detailed review of the complexities involved in the green extraction process, highlighting the various factors that affect its results. The goal is to offer valuable insights for practical use in industries and set the foundation for future research, specifically focusing on promoting sustainable methods and addressing challenges related to removing manganese during the preparation of nickel products.