Superabsorbent Curdlan–Chitosan Foams with Bioactive Additives for Healing Wounds

Healing burns and wounds is a prevalent health issue. Metabolic and physiological problems such as hypertension, malignancies, kidney disorders, diabetes, and obesity disrupt the natural process of skin healing, leading to the development of ulcers, bedsores, and the need for amputations. These conditions contribute to mortality rates globally. Medical statistics indicate that approximately 1-2% of the global population experiences chronic wounds.

Polysaccharides are commonly employed in the production of superabsorbent polymers, which have the ability to absorb and retain aqueous solutions that are hundreds of times their own weight when dry. Chitosan is a widely recognized carbohydrate polymer with numerous potential clinical uses because of its antibacterial, anticoagulant, anticancer, and hemostatic properties. β-glucans often have a beneficial impact on the human immune system, offering antitumoral and antibacterial properties, which can expedite the process of healing

This work aimed to create innovative foams through the polymerization of curdlan–chitosan at a temperature of 90 ◦C, using a gradual addition method for incorporating bioactive compounds such as AgNO3 solution, aloe vera, gentamicin, and a mixture of all components. Evidence has shown that the existence of a medicinal substance has a notable impact on the rate at which edema occurs. Through in vivo testing, it was discovered that CUR/CS/MIX foams had a more pronounced impact on skin restoration when compared to pure CUR/CS and the untreated control. The investigation into antibacterial activity revealed the synergistic impact of the constituents against strains commonly found in hospitals. Therefore, the suggested straightforward approach for manufacturing biocompatible superabsorbent foams has exciting opportunities for developing novel functional platforms as temporary skin replacements for the treatment and regrowth of persistent wounds.