Flow-3D Analysis of Hydrodynamic Forces on Oblong Bridge Piers

The accurate prediction of scour development at bridge foundations is essential in order to ensure the safety and integrity of engineering structures. The complexity of the scouring process arises from the separation and generation of multiple vortices and the dynamic interaction between the flow and the movable bed during scour hole development. Traditional experimental approaches to scour characterization have primarily focused on the evolution of the movable bed, often with less emphasis on detailed flow field characterization. This study addresses this gap using FLOW-3D software to develop a computational model that simulates the turbulent flow field around bridge pier models in a controlled environment.

The primary objective is to compare the simulation results with experimental data to improve the understanding of the mechanisms driving flow-induced scour. The study involves velocity measurements of the flow around a bridge pier model carried out in a large-scale tilting flume. Detailed measurements of stream-wise, cross-wise, and vertical velocity distributions and Reynolds shear stresses were taken during both the flat and eroded bed stages of scouring.

Preliminary results from the computational model show a strong correlation with the experimental data, capturing the complex flow patterns and vortex formations that contribute to scour. The model successfully reproduces the observed velocity distributions and Reynolds shear stresses, providing valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between the flow and the bed material. These findings demonstrate the potential of advanced computational modelling to complement experimental studies and provide a more comprehensive understanding of scour processes at bridge foundations. This research contributes to the development of more accurate prediction tools, ultimately enhancing the design and safety of bridge structures.