Temporal Patterns of Insect Pollinator Diversity in Relation to Flowering Plant Phenology in the Western Mindanao State University Experimental Forest Area, Upper La Paz, Zamboanga City, Philippines

Insect pollinators are crucial for maintaining forest biodiversity and ecosystem stability. This study aimed to examine the temporal patterns of insect pollinator diversity in relation to the phenology of flowering plants within the Western Mindanao State University Experimental Forest Area (WMSU-EFA), Upper La Paz, Zamboanga City, Philippines. Field surveys were conducted monthly over a year, using sweep netting and pan trapping methods to sample pollinators, and phenological data on flowering plants were recorded, noting their timing and duration. A total of 85 pollinator species from 5 major insect orders were identified, with Hymenoptera being the most diverse. The Shannon–Wiener Index (H’) indicated that pollinator diversity peaked during the main flowering season from March to June (H’=3.87) and was lowest during the non-flowering season (H’=2.45). A strong positive correlation (r=0.78) was found between flowering plant abundance and pollinator diversity, highlighting the significant influence of plant phenology on pollinator activity patterns. These findings emphasize the critical importance of synchrony between flowering plants and pollinators for ecosystem stability. Understanding these temporal dynamics is essential for developing effective conservation strategies to protect pollinator populations and ensure the long-term stability of forest ecosystems amidst changing climatic conditions. This study provides valuable insights that can inform conservation efforts, enhance biodiversity, and help mitigate the impacts of environmental changes on pollinator diversity and ecosystem health.