Broccoli’s sulforaphane, pathways and mechanisms against Lymphoma according to a Bioinformatic assay

In total, 250,000 deaths around the world are because of Lymphoma (LP), the treatments for which include the following: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy, and steroid medicine. However, those treatments can have side effects. Therefore, there is a need for low-cost treatments with fewer side effects. Broccoli’s sulforaphane (SFP) is a glucosinolate derived from methionine that has gathered attention as a potential therapeutic agent against different types of cancer. Nevertheless, its relevance for it as a treatment against LP has not been tested. This study aims to identify SFP's targets, like anti-cancer treatments for LP, using different bioinformatic tools and databases. MalaCards and SwissTargetPrediction were applied for both SFP and LP. Later, Gene Ontology tests were conducted using ShinnyGo 0.8 from the genes gathered.
Furthermore, StringDB was used to identify the protein–protein interactions and to discern HUB genes. Those hub genes were then subject to Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2) and a test of interactions between the tumor and the immune system (TISIDB). Finally, molecular docking studies were performed using the SwissDock database and visualized using Chimerax Software. The results suggest that SFP has a relationship with the metabolic pathways of cancer, like central carbon metabolism in cancer, adherent’s junctions, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and miRNA in cancer. Particularly, most HUB genes seem highly related to the miRNA regulation pathways. Also, all the genes can have a direct effect on cancer–immune system infiltration. The effects of the HUB genes have shown, how cells like CD56dim could be diminished by the action of the HUB genes, changes in the production of such genes by action of SFP, or in their proteins, which could be triggered. Such findings are also supported by the docking analysis, at least in the sense that for all genes of interest, SFP seems to have a high affinity to attaching to them.