Photobioreactors for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Fixation (Liquid trees): A Conceptual Approach Using Chlorella vulgaris Cultivation

Liquid trees are photobioreactors cultivating microalgae such as Chlorella vulgaris and represent a promising innovation in the fight against environmental pollution. These systems leverage the photosynthetic capacity of microalgae to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂), thereby contributing to the mitigation of climate change effects. Furthermore, the produced algal biomass can be utilized for diverse applications, ranging from biofuel production to animal feed.

Construction Methodology:

1. Reactor: The core of the system is a reactor, typically a transparent glass or plastic vessel, which provides a controlled environment for microalgae cultivation, including adequate illumination, mixing, and aeration of the culture.
2. Light Source: A solar panel serves as the primary energy source for the system. During daylight hours, the solar panel provides the necessary energy for microalgae photosynthesis. Additionally, a battery can store excess energy generated during the day to power the system at night.
3. Aeration System: A compressor, powered by the solar panel, supplies CO₂-enriched air to the reactor. CO₂ is essential for the photosynthetic process and enables efficient microalgae growth.
4. Control System: A control system, which can be electronic or mechanical, monitors and regulates culture parameters, such as temperature, pH, nutrient concentration, and light intensity.
5. Recirculation Pump: A recirculation pump ensures a homogeneous distribution of nutrients and oxygen within the culture.

Expected Outcomes:

• Fix Large Amounts of CO₂: Microalgae, due to their high growth rate and photosynthetic efficiency, can capture significant amounts of atmospheric CO₂.
• Produce Algal Biomass: The produced algal biomass can be used for various applications, such as the production of biofuels, animal feed, fertilizers, and chemical products.
• Improve Air Quality: By removing CO₂ from the atmosphere, liquid trees improve air quality.
• Be Energy Self-Sufficient: Through the use of solar panels, liquid trees can operate autonomously, without requiring connection to the electricity grid.