The Potential of Curcumin-Enriched Diets for Adults with Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are often associated with severe side effects and limited effectiveness. On the other hand, curcumin, a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, the effects of curcumin on colorectal cancer remain unknown. A systematic review of recent scientific literature was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to evaluate the benefits of a curcumin-enriched diet for adults with colorectal cancer. Articles published between 2018 and 2024 were retrieved from PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, and Scopus. A total of 129 articles were identified during the initial search process. In the first screening phase, 19 duplicate articles were removed. Subsequently, in the second screening phase, an evaluation of titles and abstracts excluded an additional 95 articles. Ultimately, 15 original articles met the inclusion criteria and were used for the final analysis. Studies meeting inclusion criteria focused on curcumin, adults, and colorectal cancer outcomes. Data on survival rates, quality of life, tumor reduction, and inflammatory markers were extracted and analyzed. Administration of curcumin was associated with improved survival rates, enhanced quality of life, tumor reduction, and anti-inflammatory effects. Its mechanisms of action include inhibiting cellular proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and reducing oxidative stress. However, limited bioavailability and potential side effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, were noted. A curcumin-enriched diet may serve as an effective adjunct therapy for colorectal cancer patients. Future research should focus on optimizing curcumin formulations to address bioavailability and long-term safety concerns.