Development of Blood Glucose Meter

Blood glucose level was developed and tested. The test meter was developed for non-invasively monitoring the blood glucose level. This is due to the fact that some forms of monitoring glucose and cholesterol with instruments involve invasive blood tests, which are needless given present-day biomedical instrumentation technology. Given the global prevalence of high blood glucose levels and related issues, there is an urgent need for non-invasive monitoring methods that engage in comfortable testing compared to the traditional blood glucose monitoring method that requires invasive finger-prick tests, which can be painful and discourage consistent use. Addressing this, a non-invasive glucometer was developed using the MAX30100 optical sensor, which measures glucose levels by analyzing light absorption in the skin, utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG), engaged in a non-invasive method that utilizes the reflective and refractive properties of Near-Infrared (NIR) light to determine blood glucose levels. This method offers a painless and real-time alternative for glucose monitoring, aiming to improve accessibility and patient comfort. The system integrates a MAX30100, a pulse oximeter that detects heart rate and oxygen saturation through light absorption. For glucose monitoring, we analyzed changes in infrared and red-light absorption, which vary with glucose levels. The sensor was connected to an Arduino microcontroller to process the data. Signal processing algorithms were used to filter and interpret the absorption patterns, and calibration was performed by correlating sensor readings with known glucose concentrations. The meter was used on nine subjects, and error analysis was carried out using Clarke Error Grid Analysis (EGA) and Surveillance Error Grid (SEG) analysis. The findings from both Clarke Error Grid Analysis (EGA) and Surveillance Error Grid (SEG) analysis suggest that, while the device is generally reliable, there is room for improvement.