Fabrication and Characterization of Aloe Vera-Based Coatings via MAPLE: An Antimicrobial Strategy for Addressing Antibiotic Resistance through Essential Oil Influence

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of apatite–lignin–aloe vera (Ap/Lig/AV) coatings, utilizing the Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The incorporation of natural and renewable materials, such as lignin and aloe vera extract, offers a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to conventional synthetic antibiotics. This innovative approach aims to not only provide infection prevention but also to address the growing concern of primary and secondary resistance to existing drugs, which poses a significant public health challenge.

Our findings indicate that the chemical properties and stoichiometry of the synthesized coatings were preserved throughout the process. A uniform and homogeneous distribution of the materials was achieved when the amount of essential oil matched that of the organic components. The coatings exhibited hydrophilic characteristics and enhanced cellular viability in cultures with cancerous Mg 63 cells. Furthermore, the composite materials demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as against the fungus Candida albicans.

The utilization of these naturally derived products not only presents a cost-effective solution but also contributes to the development of biodegradable thin films with antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. These advancements highlight the potential of Ap/Lig/AV coatings in biomedical applications, particularly in the context of reducing reliance on synthetic antibacterial agents.