Urban Green Spaces and Human Health: Assessing the Allergenic Potential

Urban green spaces play a vital role in enhancing ecological balance, providing recreational opportunities, and supporting public health in cities. However, their allergenic potential presents significant challenges, especially in areas where urban vegetation planning does not account for the impact of allergenic plant species. This study focuses on evaluating the allergenic risks associated with the Moulay Rachid Garden, a key public park in Tetouan, northern Morocco, that is characterised by a Mediterranean climate. By analysing the park's vegetation composition and calculating IUGZA values, the research explores the relationship between urban green space design and allergenic risks. The findings highlight how both native and introduced plant species influence pollen concentrations, with direct implications for public health. This study emphasises the importance of strategic vegetation management to reduce allergenic risks. It advocates for hypoallergenic green space planning as a critical approach to promoting climate resilience, improving public health, and creating more sustainable urban environments. In addition, the results underline the significance of considering allergenic potential in urban planning, particularly in Mediterranean and African contexts, where plant diversity and climate conditions create unique challenges. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on urban green spaces and their role in fostering healthier, allergy-aware cities.