Advanced RAIM Safety Development for Rail, Maritime and UAVs Sectors

Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (ARAIM) is an enhancement of RAIM, designed to leverage the advantages of dual-frequency, multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Initially developed for the aviation industry, ARAIM is now being considered for broader applications. This paper focuses on the Safety processes, supporting the ARAIM Evolution Architecture, Algorithm, and local error modeling, enabling its use in three specific sectors: rail, maritime, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)s. The paper presents a Safety Methodology and proposes an ARAIM Threat Model, subsequently tailored to sector-specific local error models. The safety development provides preliminary evidence of the feasibility of meeting Integrity requirements when applying the proposed Safety requirements for ARAIM beyond aviation.