Optimal Power Management and Dispatching of Renewable Resources in a Prosumer-Centric Environment

The transition toward sustainable energy systems has given rise to a new trend in the electrical power grid, where consumers actively participate in energy production and management—commonly referred to as prosumers. By simultaneously producing and consuming electricity, these prosumers reshape the electricity landscape by creating new complexities and possibilities for managing the energy distribution, especially with the increasing rate of renewable energy integration into the grid. This paper proposes a novel optimal economic dispatch and control method for smart power management and dispatching of renewable energy sources (RESs) in a prosumer-centric-environment-based residential microgrid. The proposed strategy integrates renewable energy sources, including solar and wind generation, within a decentralized microgrid architecture coordinated with energy storage devices. The prosumer microgrid includes a photovoltaic (PV) system, a wind turbine, a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), and an Electrical Vehicle (EV), as well as electrical loads. The HESS includes Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs), Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES), and Fuel Cells (FCs). By employing a Fuzzy-Logic-based Power Management System (PMS) optimized via the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, the control method ensures efficient energy allocation and minimizes operational costs while maintaining grid-connected microgrid stability. Simulations of several market-based interaction scenarios between prosumers and the grid were conducted. The simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving economic benefits while empowering end-users to take on a role in the energy ecosystem.