Optimum Annual Electricity Cost Through On-Site Renewable Energy Generation and V2H Technology

The electrical energy stored in the batteries of plug-in electric vehicles can be utilized in intelligent house systems to proactively manage electricity energy consumption and costs. The vehicle-to-home (V2H) technology has the potential to provide storage capacity to lower homes' energy costs and provide reliable backup systems in emergency periods. In this paper, the annual cost effects of integrating the electric plug-in vehicles into a hybrid solar PV/wind turbines driven residential district with 10 houses are investigated. These houses are located in Kentucky where both real residential electricity consumption and meteorological data are available. The effects of number of turbines, PV panels and storage capacity on the annual cost reduction were also analyzed. The results showed that for a hybrid system comprising of ten 2kW wind turbines and a 3kW PV array, the V2H technology can save more than 60% of the annual electricity cost.