Smart IoT-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Supply Chain, Monitoring, and Control System

This research paper presents a smart IoT-based COVID-19 vaccine supply chain, moni-toring, and control system. This proposed system is designed to efficiently and effectively monitor COVID-19 vaccine storage sites by tracking their temperature, humidity, quantity, and location on a map across various supply chain categories. It ultimately aims to moni-tor and control temperatures outside the range at the tracked location. The approach uti-lized temperature, humidity, and ultrasonic sensors, a GPS module, a Wi-Fi module, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The system was designed and implemented using Ar-duino and Proteus integrated design environments (IDEs) and coded using the embedded C/C++ programming language. A real-life working system prototype was designed and implemented. The measured sensor readings can be viewed via a computer system capa-bility or any mobile device, such as an Android phone, iPhone, iPad, or laptop, with the aid of a cloud-based platform, namely, Thingspeak.com. The experimentally measured sensor readings are stored in a data log file for subsequent download and analysis when-ever the need arises. The data aggregation and analytics are coded using MATLAB and viewed as charts, and the location map of vaccine carrier coordinates is sent to the web cloud for tracking. An alarm message is sent to the monitoring and control system if an unfavorable vaccine environment exists in either the store or the carrier container. A suita-ble sensor-based interface architecture and web portal are provided, allowing health prac-titioners to remotely monitor the vaccine supply chain system. This method encourages health workers by reducing the high levels of supervision required by vaccine supervisors to ensure the smooth supply of vaccines to vaccine collection centers, by using a wireless sensor network and IoT technology. Experimental results from the implemented system prototype demonstrated the benefits of the proposed approach and its possible real-life health monitoring applications.