Quality of Work Life Among nurses in Tunisian University Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction

Quality of work life (QWL) is essential for nurses’ well-being, motivation, and the quality of patient care. Hospital nurses often face heavy workloads, staffing shortages, and exposure to physical and psychosocial risks, which can impair QWL.

Aim

The aim of this study was to describe the quality of work life of nurses in two university hospitals in Sousse, Tunisia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2025 among nurses in medical and surgical departments of Farhat Hached and Sahloul University Hospitals. Data was collected using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire including sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, psychosocial and organizational factors, and the Work Quality of Life Scale (QoWL).

Results

Among 113 nurses (response rate, 75.3%), 66.3% were under 40 years old and 52.2% were women. Most reported insufficient equipment (69.9%) and inadequate staffing (45.1%). Physical demands were high: 65.5% performed strenuous tasks and 28.3% had experienced an occupational accident. Psychosocial pressures were common: 84.1% reported demotivation, 69.9% had witnessed patient deaths, and all had experienced workplace violence, mostly verbal. Overall, 60.2% had low QWL scores, particularly regarding general well-being (53.1%), job satisfaction (54%), work–life balance (51.3%), and perceived control at work (62.8%). More than 72% expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of care they delivered.

Conclusion

Nurses in these university hospitals experience poor quality of work life, with notable physical, organizational, and psychosocial challenges. These descriptive findings highlight areas requiring attention to improve nurses’ working conditions and well-being.