Feasibility study for solid waste management using smart waste bins in the municipality of Cuernavaca, Mexico

Rapid urbanization and rising municipal solid waste (MSW) volumes have overwhelmed traditional waste collection systems in many Mexican cities, including Cuernavaca. The adoption of technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and smart waste bins is emerging as a viable solution to enhance MSW separation, monitoring, and logistics. This research aimed to analyze the feasibility of implementing smart bins to improve MSW management in Cuernavaca City, Mexico. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a literature review of smart bins in waste management over the past 10 years, an analysis of the local regulatory and institutional context, semi-structured interviews with experts, and an online survey of 253 residents of Cuernavaca. From this information, SWOT and CAME matrices were developed to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, and implementation strategies. The findings indicate that although a significant portion of the population already separates their waste, this practice is not widespread. Additionally, the waste collection system is primarily perceived as inefficient. Most residents were unfamiliar with smart bins before the research, but after a brief explanation, about 80% deemed them valuable. Furthermore, more than two-thirds expressed a willingness to participate in a pilot program, and many showed openness to receiving training and incentives, particularly in the form of service discounts. In conclusion, the implementation of smart bins in Cuernavaca is socially viable, provided it is aligned with a gradual design process, transparent governance and financing models, environmental education initiatives, and incentive mechanisms that encourage sustained citizen participation.