IoT-Based Smart Parking System with CNN Technology and Piezoelectricity Technology

The rapid expansion of the city's population, together with the increase in vehicles, has made vehicle parking a major problem today. These days, finding a parking slot is time-consuming, and there is no safety for the vehicle. To address these limitations, we have created a smart parking system that includes a webpage to see the available slots. From this web interface, the user can book a slot and make a payment. ANPR technology for number plate recognition and piezoelectric technology to generate electrical energy for backup. This system uses IR sensors that detect vehicles in the slots and update the data on the webpage using the cloud-based ESP32 Devkit microcontroller. The microcontroller sends data to the Flask-based backend, where it is stored and managed in the PostgreSQL database. This paper uses Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) with cloud-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technology for vehicle identification and protection. Additionally, this project includes a piezoelectric system to generate electrical energy. Electrical energy is generated by the mechanical pressure of a vehicle passing through the piezoelectric sensor. This proposed solution provides budget-friendly, expandable parking operations and efficient parking management.