Spatial and temporal disaggregation of water demand and leakage of the water distribution network in Skiathos, Greece

Pressure control management of a water distribution network is considered as an effective approach for the reduction of leakage in the network and for optimized savings in pumping energy. A successful pressure management scheme usually requires single- or multi-feed regulation through Pressure Reduction Valves, the network division in District Metered Areas and dense monitoring of pressure and flow throughout the network. A structural component of this approach would be a hydraulic model which would relate pressure and flow in the network, in accordance to the monitored values. In the ISS-EWATUS project (issewatus.eu) and specifically for the Skiathos, Greece case study, we solve the water distribution network hydraulically with the EPANET software, so as to estimate the pressure-map of the island and later link pressure to leakage. The need to zoom-in spatially and temporarily makes the spatial and temporal disaggregation of aggregated water demand, as provided by the water utility, a necessity. We use the daily aggregated water supply time series and consumer quarterly billing data for each water meter in the DMA, in order to produce approximate, daily water consumption datasets of each household and daily leakage per household. In this article, we present our disaggregation methodology for the production of these data sets.