FUNCTIONAL APPROACHES FOR APPLYING WORK-BASED LEARNING TO PHYSICS EDUCATION IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF KANO STATE

This study examined functional approaches for applying work-based learning to Physics education in senior secondary schools in Kano State. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to 400 secondary school students across SS I–SS III. Data were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. The findings revealed that current Physics teaching practices are moderately engaging, with 75% of students indicating that Physics lessons are interesting, while 65% perceived Physics as more difficult than other science subjects. Although 70% reported that their teachers connect lessons to real-life applications, only 60% indicated regular exposure to practical or vocationally related experiments, and self-study habits remained low, with only 60% engaging in independent study. Results further showed that work-based learning significantly enhances students’ understanding, motivation, and interest in Physics. A total of 72.5% of respondents agreed that work-based learning helps them understand real-world applications of Physics, 72.5% reported increased interest through school workshops and projects, 65% acknowledged that industrial visits and internships improved their understanding, and 75% affirmed that hands-on experience improved their motivation to study Physics. Additionally, 65% confirmed that their schools organize career-related programs linked to Physics. The study also identified key functional approaches for effective integration of work-based learning into Physics education. A large majority supported school–industry collaboration (75%), inclusion of industrial field trips (70%), use of project-based learning (75%), integration of simulations and technological tools (70%), and provision of additional teacher training on work-based learning methods (72.5%). The study concludes that although traditional teaching methods still dominate Physics instruction, the adoption of structured work-based learning strategies can significantly improve students’ understanding, motivation, and career relevance knowledge of the subject. It is therefore recommended that stakeholders prioritize functional approaches like industry collaboration, practical-based instruction, and continuous teacher training.