An evaluation of Black Sea wave energy dynamics

In the context of increased international efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through various measures included in climate agreements, regulatory frameworks, and decarbonization strategies, utilisation of renewable energy resources represents a solution to sustainable global development. Wave energy is one of the marine renewable resources that has great potential but has not yet been exploited for its true potential.

Considering this, the current work examines the Black Sea's wave climate variability and wave energy dynamics using SWAN model results applied throughout the basin. Attention is given to the long-term assessment of wave conditions and wave power, the characterization of dominant wave patterns, and the identification of possible changes in sea state parameters over an extended period (30 years).

Recent wave climate variability and projections of future changes under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climatic scenarios are evaluated.

The assessment of the potential effects of climate change on sea state conditions, and spatial distribution of wave energy resources in the Black Sea basin, is performed by comparing the historical and future projections, thereby also facilitating the observation of climate change pattern evolution.

The results offer a forward-looking assessment of wave energy potential in the Black Sea and its reliability as a sustainable energy resource in relation to climate change.