Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Among End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Dialysis at the Renal Dialysis Center in Hodeidah, Yemen

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and its major comorbidities, especially hypertension and diabetes, continue to impose a substantial burden on health systems worldwide. In dialysis populations, these conditions are closely linked to adverse clinical outcomes and disease progression.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and their association with socio-demographic and clinical factors among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance haemodialysis at the Renal Dialysis Center in Hodeidah, Yemen.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between January and March 2021 among 260 patients with ESRD undergoing dialysis, including 169 males and 91 females (aged range 30 to 70 years). Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected using a structured questionnaire. All participants were screened for hypertension, diabetes, and dipstick-positive proteinuria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 90.4% and 18.1%, respectively. Hypertension was significantly associated with rural residence (95.1% vs. 84.5%, p < 0.001). The study population was predominantly male (65%, p = 0.03) and married (95%, p = 0.04). Diabetes showed borderline association with educational level (p = 0.054). No significant associations were found with age, housing situation, or obesity.

Conclusion: Hypertension was highly prevalent among ESRD patients on dialysis in Hodeidah, while diabetes was less common. Several socio-demographic and environmental factors were significantly associated with hypertension and diabetes. These findings support the need for strengthened screening, optimized management of hypertension, and preventive interventions.