A Decision-Making Approach for Selecting Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technologies under Environmental and Technical Constraints

Industrial carbon capture and storage technologies have vital role in mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions and achieving net-zero targets. However, selecting the most sustainable and suitable carbon capture and storage technology involves evaluating multiple conflicting criteria, ranging from economic feasibility to environmental toxicity. This study employes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework to evaluate and rank three prominent carbon capture configurations: post-combustion (chemical absorption), pre-combustion (physical absorption), and oxy-fuel combustion. The evaluation framework considers five criteria: Technological Readiness Level, capture cost per ton of CO₂, energy penalty, carbon capture efficiency, and environmental risk. To eliminate the subjectivity of human judgment, the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method is utilized to determine objective criteria weights based on data variance. The alternatives are subsequently ranked using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) methodology. The results indicate that while post-combustion capture exhibits the highest technological maturity, oxy-fuel combustion emerges as the most optimal compromise alternative when environmental toxicity and capture efficiency are prioritized. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is conducted that compare economy-driven and green-driven policies to demonstrate the robustness of the employed decision model.This study provides a structured decision-making tool for process engineers and policymakers aiming to integrate green processes into industrial carbon management strategies.