EventsThe 1st International Online Conference on Symmetry
Published
This submission belongs to the session S7. Applied Mathematics of the event The 1st International Online Conference on Symmetry
Published date
15 Oct, 2026
Academic Editor
author-avatarYufeng Zhang
Citation
John Rey A. Nate, Reproducible MATLAB Visualisation and Residual Mapping of Base-10 Palindromic Primes below One Hundred Million across Residues Modulo Nine and Modulo Eleven, in Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Symmetry, 20 October–22 October 2026, MDPI: Basel, Switzerland
Share
Email
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn

Reproducible MATLAB Visualisation and Residual Mapping of Base-10 Palindromic Primes below One Hundred Million across Residues Modulo Nine and Modulo Eleven

John Rey A. Nate 1
1. Department of Mathematics and Physics, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 3133, Philippines
Abstract

Palindromic primes are subject to digit symmetry constraints; for example, every even-digit palindrome in base ten is divisible by eleven, so eleven is the only even-digit palindromic prime. The congruence that an integer is equal modulo nine to the sum of its decimal digits makes residues modulo nine a natural focus for digit-sum-based analysis. To provide a fully reproducible empirical picture of these arithmetic constraints, the author of this study implemented a single-file MATLAB workflow that enumerates palindromic integers by mirroring left halves, applies vectorised primality testing, computes digit sums and residues modulo 9 and 11, and aggregates counts into a digit-by-residue counts cube. The pipeline writes canonical CSV and MAT artefacts, exports publication-quality graphics, and reports contingency-table diagnostics including Pearson chi-square testing, standardised residual mapping, Cramer’s V effect size, and Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) control across the nine-by-eleven joint residue family. The canonical output lists 781 palindromic primes below one hundred million and is strongly concentrated at odd digit lengths, with a median of seven and 668 seven-digit primes. Visual inspection and residual mapping reveal modest local deviations in joint residue cells, with raw counts of up to 16, a maximum standardised residual of about 2.80 and the smallest unadjusted two-sided residual p-value of about 0.0050; the corresponding minimum Benjamini–Hochberg q-value is about 0.499, yielding no discoveries at FDR 0.05. The aggregated nine-by-eleven table is consistent with independence (chi-square (80) = 90.48, p = 0.198) with a small-to-moderate association magnitude (Cramer’s V = 0.120). Per-digit decomposition variables are produced to support stratified inspection of residue patterns, and the numerically dominant seven-digit stratum largely governs the aggregated structure. All implementation choices are consistent with safe numeric practice for this bound; for example, the use of double precision for primality tests is safe for integers well below 2^53, and the code and data artefacts permit exact reproduction.

Keywords
Palindromes
Prime Numbers
MATLAB
Elementary Number Theory
Modular Arithmetic
Visualisation
A new centered Gaussian process
Approximate Analysis of M/G/c, GI/G/1, and GI/G/c Systems Using Mixture Distributions