1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate-functionalized graphene oxide: as a novel and efficient nanocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones

The preparation, characterization and catalytic application of a novel 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate-functionalized graphene oxide is described. The catalyst was characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the material was also determined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The catalytic application of 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate-functionalized graphene oxide nanocatalyst was then investigated in the Biginelli condensation of different aldehydes with urea and alkylacetoacetates under solvent-free conditions and at moderate temperature.

Moreover, the significant advantages of this procedure are the stability, reactivity and reusability of the catalyst, low loading of the catalyst, avoiding the use of toxic transition metals, short reaction times, high to excellent yields, easy separation and purification of the products.