In vitro evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic properties of Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam. stems

Natural products are the reservoirs of bioactive constituents providing various therapeutic applications in inflammation and thrombosis-related conditions. The pharmacological effects of Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam., a medicinal species belonging to the Rubiaceae family remain unidentified. This study investigated in vitro anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic properties of the methanolic extract of Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam. stems. Anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was evaluated by protein denaturation assay and thrombolytic effect was measured by human blood clot lysis method.

Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam. demonstrated significant concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, with a maximum inhibition of 83.05 ± 1.39% at 1000 µg/mL, compared with the standard drug, diclofenac sodium at the same concentration. The extract also showed moderate thrombolytic activity by producing 22.09 ± 1.29% clot lysis, which was markedly higher than the negative control but substantially lower than the standard (streptokinase). Streptokinase exhibited a marked clot lysis activity (72.71 ± 0.70%), whereas the control showed negligible clot lysis (9.16 ± 0.35%).

Due to its potent anti-inflammatory and moderate thrombolytic effects, stems of Aidia densiflora (Wall.) Masam. might be considered for the drug development of the alternative medicine against inflammation and thrombotic disorders.