Shared Charging Resource Coordination in Electric Vehicle Fleet Routing

Coordinating access to shared operational resources is a fundamental challenge in systems composed of multiple autonomous entities. Electric vehicle fleets provide a representative application domain, where charging stations constitute shared resources with limited capacity and routing decisions depend on resource availability together with battery constraints. Existing fleet-routing approaches primarily focus on individual vehicle routing and do not explicitly consider charging-resource occupancy as part of coordinated fleet routing decisions. This paper presents a fleet-routing approach based on shared charging resource coordination.
Charging stations are modeled as persistent shared resources with limited capacity, allowing multiple vehicles to compete for charging access during fleet operation. Vehicle routing incorporates charging-resource occupancy together with battery constraints and individual destinations to coordinate access to shared charging infrastructure. The approach was implemented in a simulation environment that generates fleet-level performance indicators, including completed routes, charging operations, waiting steps, and total route cost.
Demonstration scenarios involving multiple electric vehicles were used to evaluate coordinated routing under shared charging constraints. Fleet-level reports included completed routes, charging operations, waiting steps, and total route cost. In the reference simulation scenario, all five vehicles reached their assigned destinations without stranded vehicles while completing nine charging operations.
Representing charging stations as persistent capacity-constrained operational resources supports coordinated routing decisions based on charging-resource availability. The electric vehicle fleet scenario provides an initial evaluation of the proposed approach, while further validation on larger fleets and real charging infrastructure is required.