Prioritizing Culturally Responsive Debris-Flow Preparedness Education for Indigenous Mountain Communities: An AHP-Based Decision Framework

Extreme rainfall increasingly triggers debris-flow hazards in steep mountain catchments, where conventional risk communication often fails to account for local knowledge, indigenous languages, and community-based decision practices. This proceeding paper proposes an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-based decision framework for prioritizing culturally responsive debris-flow preparedness education in indigenous mountain communities. The framework was developed through a synthesis of debris-flow risk studies, disaster risk reduction guidance, culturally responsive education, and multi-criteria decision-making concepts. It contains one overall goal, four decision domains, and sixteen operational indicators. The domains are experiential education design, community participation and local governance, language-cultural adaptation, and institutional resource support. Pairwise comparison matrices are used to convert expert and community judgments into priority weights, while the consistency ratio is used to verify the logical reliability of the judgments. The resulting framework reframes preparedness education from a top-down information campaign into a locally embedded adaptation system. It highlights field-based drills, place-based teaching materials, post-event learning, indigenous-language communication, visual risk tools, community response groups, hazard-map updating, and stable institutional support as priority-oriented action areas. The framework contributes a transferable decision-support approach for extreme hydrometeorological adaptation in culturally diverse mountain settlements. By linking AHP prioritization with culturally responsive pedagogy, it supports more actionable, inclusive, and community-accepted debris-flow preparedness planning under limited resources.