GIS-Based Spatial Analysis of Jeepney Route Density and Network Intensity in District 2, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Public transportation is fundamental to urban mobility, particularly in developing cities where jeepneys remain one of the primary modes of transport. Despite their importance, limited district-level spatial assessments have been conducted to evaluate the distribution and intensity of jeepney transport networks in Cagayan de Oro City. This study addresses this gap by providing a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based assessment of jeepney route distribution and network intensity in District 2, generating spatial evidence that can support local transport planning and route rationalization initiatives. Jeepney route line data obtained from the Local Public Transport Route Plan of Cagayan de Oro City (2025), together with barangay boundary data, were processed using QGIS. Line density analysis was performed to identify areas with high concentrations of jeepney routes, while network intensity was evaluated by calculating the total route length and the number of route segments intersecting each barangay, where route segments refer to distinct portions of jeepney routes within barangay boundaries. The results show that jeepney routes are highly concentrated along C.M. Recto Avenue and the Poblacion area, confirming these locations as the city's primary transport corridors and activity centers. Lapasan recorded the highest total route length (33,170 m), followed by Gusa (29,302 m), while Barangays 2 and 28 had no recorded jeepney routes. Similarly, Lapasan registered the greatest number of route segments (20), followed by Barangays 25 and 33 (14 each), whereas Barangays 2 and 28 recorded none. These spatial disparities indicate uneven accessibility to public transport services, suggesting potential gaps in network coverage that may affect mobility and accessibility for some communities. The findings demonstrate the value of GIS-based spatial analysis as an evidence-based decision support tool for identifying underserved areas, informing jeepney route rationalization, improving accessibility, and supporting sustainable public transport planning in Cagayan de Oro City.