EventsThe 1st International Online Conference on Lubricants and Tribological Contacts
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Published
This submission belongs to the session S3. Mechanics of Contacts of the event The 1st International Online Conference on Lubricants and Tribological Contacts
Published date
12 Nov, 2026
Academic Editor
author-avatarPatricia Johns-Rahnejat
Citation
Huu-Dien Nguyen, Finite Element Analysis of Stress Intensity Factor in Functionally Graded Material Compact Tension Specimen Using ANSYS, in Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Lubricants and Tribological Contacts, 16 November–17 November 2026, MDPI: Basel, Switzerland
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Finite Element Analysis of Stress Intensity Factor in Functionally Graded Material Compact Tension Specimen Using ANSYS

Huu-Dien Nguyen 1
1. Faculty of Technology, Long An University of Economics and Industry, Vietnam
Abstract
This study presents a detailed numerical investigation of the Mode I Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) in a Compact Tension (CT) specimen fabricated from functionally graded material (FGM) using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in ANSYS software. In FGMs, material properties vary continuously in space, providing superior mechanical performance compared to conventional homogeneous materials. In this research, the elastic modulus varies exponentially along the x-direction according to the function E(x) = E₀ e^(λx), while Poisson’s ratio is kept constant at ν = 0.3. A two-dimensional plane strain model was developed in ANSYS Workbench. Quadratic quadrilateral elements (PLANE183) with highly refined mesh near the crack tip were employed to accurately capture the stress singularity. The crack was simulated using the Fracture module, and the Interaction Integral method was utilized to compute the Stress Intensity Factor (K_I). Appropriate boundary conditions were applied, including tensile loading (P) at the pin holes. A mesh convergence study was performed to ensure the independence of numerical results from element size.The numerical results obtained from ANSYS were compared with the available analytical solution derived from the theoretical formula reported in the literature. The comparison demonstrates excellent agreement, with a relative error of only 2.32% (FEM: 5.812 MPa√cm versus analytical: 5.9503 MPa√cm). This study confirms the reliability and effectiveness of ANSYS software for fracture mechanics analysis of heterogeneous materials with continuously varying properties. The findings provide valuable insights for the design and safety assessment of advanced FGM structures in aerospace, nuclear, and biomedical applications.
Keywords
Stress Intensity Factor
Functionally Graded Material
Finite Element Method
ANSYS
Compact Tension Specimen.
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