Low-Cost IoT-Based Smart Blood Collection Bag Monitoring and Agitation System for Real-Time Hemovigilance

This paper presents the study, design, and development of a comprehensive, low-cost blood collection system. The proposed system is based on IoT technology and aims to improve the efficiency, safety, and standardization of blood donation procedures in clinical settings, while providing continuous monitoring, automated alerts, and centralized oversight. More specifically, the system consists of two components: the blood collection station and the information system. The blood collection station consists of two parts. The first part is a device that includes a load cell weighing unit which accurately measures the mass of a blood collection bag during collection. The device then continuously converts the measured weight into an estimated blood volume, thereby allowing for accurate monitoring of the progress of the blood donation. The second section consists of a mechanism for gently agitating the collected blood with the anticoagulant solution, with the aim of reducing the risk of clot formation during the procedure. The information system consists of a server that includes a database and web-based visualization software.The WiFi protocol was used for data transmission. The heart of the system is a microcontroller that includes Wi-Fi connectivity and is responsible for collecting, processing, and transmitting data to the database. This enables simultaneous real-time monitoring of multiple blood collection stations through a central monitoring system. It can provide alarm notifications, such as when the volume of collected blood reaches a predetermined threshold (e.g., 400 mL), the system can trigger both audible and visual alerts, ensuring an immediate response from medical and nursing staff. Through the visualization software, it is possible to monitor and record data, which can improve workflow coordination in blood donation centers and hospital settings. This approach achieves both a reduction in human error and the optimization of blood collection procedures.