Acoustic characterization of impulsive underwater noise present in port facilities. Practical case of the Port of Cartagena

The data recording of underwater noise is a key aspect for the prevention and improvement of management systems of maritime spaces. Thus, due to the presence of activities potentially generating impulsive noise, the ports deserve special attention. This article describes and shows the results of the spatial monitoring of both the basal noise and the impulsive noise sources present in Port Facilities. A vessel has been equipped with a smart digital hydrophone with a working frequency range between 10 and 200 kHz and an RVR of, approximately, -170 dB @ 1V / µPa. Coupling the acoustic data together with the GPS coordinates of the vessel, a GIS map with the spatiotemporal distribution of the basal sound pressure levels has been made, identifying the sources of impulsive noise of interest and its temporal characteristics. This is a preliminary step for the development of future studies on underwater noise pollution and its potential impact on biodiversity in the environment of Port Facilities with the maximum guarantees possible.