In this study, we were interested in the characterization of Conyza canadensis essential oil composition and evaluation of the antiviral activity from Conyza’s plant extracts. Terpenoids, phenols, sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids were the major compounds identified from plant essential oil analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.
The test of activities of the extracts from different parts (leave, flower and stalk) of Conyza canadensis revealed that this plant has a remarkable antiviral activity. This activity was evaluated for inhibition of Dengue virus (DV), West Nile virus (WNV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) polymerases.
Due to his important antiviral activity, the crude methanolic stalk extract (89% of inhibition) was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain eleven fractions (A-K). None of those fractions, tested at 50 μg/ml, was active against HCV and HIV polymerases but six fractions (B, C, D, E, I and J) were active against DEN and WN polymerases. These results were confirmed at lower concentration (10 μg/ml).