Therapeutic properties of nanostructured hydrogels

Hydrogels are polymeric networks with a three-dimensional structure that promise a therapeutic revolution in tissue engineering, especially in the cardiovascular field. All due to its properties, probably the most important of them, its capacity to retain a big level of water and another substance. These smart biomaterials can be made of: proteins, peptides, polysaccharides or synthetic polymer. The present paper focusses on the most promising advances with hydrogels in the cardiovascular field in the last 5 years: The birth to a new generation of implants, Innovation of myocardial patches, Disclosure of injectable delivery system for vasculogenesis and cardiac repair, Modernization of cardiac repair using peptide hydrogels from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes, Novel result with the injection of a recombinant human collagen hydrogel to improve cardiac function and reduce pathological remodeling after an acute myocardial infarction.