Analysis of generalized Gibbs states

An exponential family is a manifold of generalized Gibbs state of the form exp(H)/Tr(exp(H)), where H belongs to a vector space of (possibly non-commutative) hermitian matrices. Generalized Gibbs states are important in small-scale thermodynamics, they represent equilibrium states regarding several conserved quantities that admit novel operations without heat dissipation [1]. Quantum information theory and condensed matter physics consider a space of local Hamiltonians acting on spins. The entropy distance from this exponential family is a measure of many-body complexity [2,3,4].

This talk is concerned with the geometry and topology of an exponential family and its entropy distance [5]. The maximum-entropy inference map parametrizes the exponential family. This map is continuous in the interior of its domain, the joint numerical range [6]. We describe the points of discontinuity in terms of open mapping theorems and eigenvalue crossings. Because of the discontinuity, the inference map and the entropy distance cannot be approximated through interior points. Instead, it is necessary to study faces (flat portions on the boundary) of the joint numerical range. With local Hamiltonians, this requires studying the faces of the set of quantum marginals.

References.

[1] M. Lostaglio, D. Jennings, and T. Rudolph,
New Journal of Physics 19, 043008 (2017).

[2] N. Ay, E. Olbrich, N. Bertschinger, and J. Jost,
Chaos 21, 037103 (2011).

[3] S. Niekamp, T. Galla, M. Kleinmann, and O. Gühne,
J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. 46, 125301 (2013).

[4] B. Zeng, X. Chen, D.-L. Zhou, and X.-G. Wen,
Quantum Information Meets Quantum Matter,
New York: Springer, 2019.

[5] S. Weis, Journal of Convex Analysis 21, 339-399 (2014).

[6] L. Rodman, I. M. Spitkovsky, A. Szkoła, and S. Weis,
Journal of Mathematical Physics 57, 015204 (2016).