Phthalates are a group of chemical compounds used primarily as plasticizers to increase the flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity of plastics. Consequently, they are commonly found in products such as plastic food packaging, clothing, cosmetics, PVC-based toys, and medical devices, among others. However, the use of phthalates poses various health risks, including endocrine disruption and reproductive toxicity, and can also have harmful effects on the environment. Therefore, rapid analytical methods with good analytical figures of merit are needed to detect them.

This study describes the development of a liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the detection of phthalates in different samples based on precursor ion scan. LC-MS/MS was chosen due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. The precursor ion mode enhances analysis specificity by identifying phthalates through their precursor ions, specifically the 149-precursor ion, which is characteristic of phthalates due to their common fragmented structure.

The developed method was successfully applied to different sample types (such as plastics, clothing, and cosmetics), demonstrating its applicability. The obtained results were compared with those produced by a similar gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method. This approach allows for an effective initial screening of phthalates in quality control laboratories, facilitating the rapid identification of potential contamination and ensuring regulatory compliance.