In this study, a magnetic composite based on zeolite, functionalized with magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and polypyrrole (PPy), was developed to obtain a material combining magnetic properties with hydrophobic–oleophilic characteristics. Zeolite was used as a support material due to its porous structure and high specific surface area, which facilitates the uniform dispersion of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are responsible for the magnetization of the composites and enable rapid and efficient separation under an external magnetic field. Functionalization with polypyrrole modified the surface properties, providing hydrophobicity and enhanced affinity for nonpolar organic compounds and petroleum products.

The obtained composite was evaluated for the recovery of used motor oil from the water surface, showing an absorption efficiency of 90–95%. These results demonstrate the high potential of the developed magnetic composite material for applications in oil spill remediation and aquatic environment depollution. In addition, the magnetic nature of the material allows its easy collection after the adsorption process, reducing secondary contamination and facilitating possible reuse of the composite.

The combination of zeolite’s porous framework with the magnetic response of Fe₃O₄ and the conductive polymer coating provided by polypyrrole contributes to improved stability and adsorption performance. Furthermore, the material exhibits good structural stability and maintains its functional properties during repeated contact with oil–water mixtures. Such characteristics highlight the potential of this composite as an efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly solution for the treatment of contaminated water surfaces and the mitigation of pollution caused by petroleum-based products.