Introduction
Mathematics is essential for understanding mechanical and engineering phenomena, yet its practical applications are often underrepresented in secondary education. This study presents a teaching proposal that connects mathematical concepts—such as circular and linear motion—to real-world mechanisms. By exploring how curved paths can produce straight-line movements and vice versa, students gain insight into the mathematical principles behind everyday machines, including gears, pistons, and wheels, while developing technological competencies.
Methods
The project combined a literature review on mathematics in mechanics with hands-on, project-based learning activities. Students analyzed the mathematical relationships involved in transforming circular motion into linear trajectories. As a key component, learners designed and produced a 3D-printed model to observe and experiment with these movements directly. This approach integrates STEM/STEAM principles, linking mathematics, technology, engineering, and creativity. By working with 3D printing software and hardware, students also practiced digital design, problem-solving, and technical skills alongside mathematical reasoning.
Results
The 3D-printed model allowed students to visualize abstract concepts and test their understanding in a tangible way. Participants could connect mathematical transformations to real mechanical applications and explain how rotations translate into linear motion. Working with 3D printing and digital modeling increased engagement, promoted technological literacy, and strengthened problem-solving abilities. The combination of theory, design, and experimentation fostered both conceptual understanding and practical competence.
Conclusions
Integrating mathematics with hands-on 3D modeling and printing provides meaningful, technology-rich learning experiences. Project-based, STEM-oriented activities help students appreciate the relevance of mathematics in engineering, develop digital and technical skills, and deepen their understanding of both abstract and applied concepts.
