This study aims to map the intellectual landscape of research on multiple representations in physics education by integrating a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. This study analyzed Scopus-indexed journal articles that explicitly discussed multiple representations in physics learning, using selection procedures in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Biblioshiny package and VOSviewer to identify publication trends, key actors, patterns of scientific collaboration, and the thematic structure of the research. The results show that publication output has grown significantly since 2016 and entered a phase of rapid expansion, though conceptual maturity has not yet been reached. Indonesia led in publication volume (86 articles), while the Netherlands and Germany demonstrated the highest citation impact (MeanTC: 125.5 and 32.8, respectively), revealing a notable gap between productivity and scientific influence across countries. At the institutional and author levels, contributions remain concentrated within specific groups, reflecting a fragmented research community. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified multiple representations as the central conceptual node, strongly linked to conceptual understanding, students, physics education, and educational computing, with a discernible thematic shift from classical pedagogical studies toward digital learning ecosystems integrating augmented reality, simulation-based learning, and high-order thinking skills. Thematic evolution analysis revealed three research phases: a conceptual phase (2005–2017), an integrative phase (2018–2020), and an innovation-oriented phase (2021–2025) emphasizing research and development and representational fluency. Future research directions include AI-based adaptive learning, AR/VR-integrated multirepresentational environments, and the development of R&D-based MR learning ecosystems aligned with 21st-century competencies. These findings offer a comprehensive and data-driven overview of the global dynamics of multiple representations research and serve as a strategic conceptual basis for formulating a more targeted future research agenda in physics education.